Systematic review and sequential analysis of Xuebijing Injection in treatment of systemic inflammatory response syndrome / 中国中药杂志

To systematically review the efficacy of Xuebijing Injection combined with western medicine in the treatment of systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS). In this study, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed and EMbase databases were retrieved for clinical randomized controlled trials on the effect of Xuebijing Injection combined with western medicine in the treatment of SIRS from the establishment of the database to July 31, 2020. After screening, Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 software, trial sequential analysis was conducted by TSA 0.9.5.10 beta software, and the evidence quality level was evaluated by GRADEprofiler 3.6.1 software. Meta-analysis showed that Xuebijing Injection combined with western medicine could reduce white blood cell count(MD=-2.32, 95%CI[-2.44,-2.21], P<0.000 01), C-reactive protein count(MD=-22.70, 95%CI[-29.61,-15.79], P<0.000 01), APACHE Ⅱ score(MD=-2.15, 95%CI[-2.43,-1.87], P<0.000 01), tumor necrosis factor alpha count(SMD=-1.23, 95%CI[-1.48,-0.99], P<0.000 01) and interleukin-6 count(SMD=-0.92, 95%CI[-1.15,-0.69], P<0.000 01), improve treatment efficiency(RR=1.39, 95%CI[1.23, 1.56], P<0.000 01), reduce incidence of multiple organ dysfunction(RR=0.47, 95%CI[0.35, 0.64], P<0.000 01) and mortality(RR=0.22, 95%CI[0.13, 0.37], P<0.000 01), which were better than western medicine treatment alone. Trial sequential analysis showed that in terms of reducing the incidence of multiple organ dysfunction and C-reactive protein count, the cumulative Z value passed through the traditional threshold, TSA threshold and expected information value, and reached the required number of cases. GRADE evaluation showed that the level of evidence was low or very low. According to the findings, Xuebijing Injection combined with western medicine is effective in treating SIRS. However, as the low quality of the included studies may affect the reliability of the conclusion, more high-quality studies shall be included for further verification in the future, so as to provide better suggestions for clinical medication.

Epidemiological characteristics and etiological study of hand-feet-mouth disease in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture from 2015 to 2019 / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-feet-mouth disease (HFMD) in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention of HFMD.Methods:The HFMD cases during January 2015 to December 2019 in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture were collected through the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The demographic data, incidence rate of HFMD and epidemiological characteristics were analysed. Coxsackie virus A16(CoxA16), enterovirus 71(EV71) and other enterovirus nucleic acid in stool samples of HFMD patients were detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Chi-square test was used as statistical method.Results:From 2015 to 2019, 30 730 cases of HFMD were reported in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture. The annual incidence rate was 171.50/100 000, and the incidence rate was on rise from 2016 to 2019. There were 24(0.08%) severe cases. Yongping County, Binchuan County and Dali City were with the top three average annual incidence rate. The peak incidence was from June to July in summer, 9 168 cases (29.83%) were reported. The peak incidence was from September to October in autumn, 5 988 cases (19.49%) were reported. The epidemic intensity in summer was higher than that in autumn. Among 30 730 cases, there were 17 373 males and 13 357 females. The annual incidence rate of male patients was 120.29/100 000, and that of female was 75.83/100 000. The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=1 637.467, P<0.01). The highest incidence was in infancy (one to <three years old), followed by preschool stage (three to <six years old) and the incidence rate was 4 158.96/100 000 and 1 953.11/100 000, respectively. From infancy, the incidence decreased with age. Severe cases concentrated in infancy with a total of 16 cases, accounting for 66.67% of severe cases. The affected population was mainly scattered children, and a total of 20 516 cases (66.76%) were reported. Among the 1 294 laboratory confirmed cases, 792 (61.21%) were CoxA16 infected cases, 320 (24.73%) were EV71 infected cases, and 182(14.06%) were other enterovirus infected cases. Conclusions:The incidence of HFMD in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture has obvious seasonal, age and population characteristics. It is necessary to strengthen the cooperation among departments, health education and strict implementation of prevention and control measures in order to reduce the incidence and improve the ability of early identification and treatment of severe cases.

Relationship between self-reported chronic disease and smoking behavior in men aged 18 to 69 in Jiangsu Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between self-reported chronic disease and smoking behavior among adult males in Jiangsu Province. Methods In 2007, 2010, and 2013 respectively, a multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select residents from 14 adult chronic diseases and their risk factor surveillance sites in Jiangsu Province to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of chronic diseases, smoking and smoking cessation behaviors among men aged 18 to 69 years. Results A total of 8 313 men aged 18 to 69 years had a self-reported prevalence of 1.5%, 1.1%, 1.5%, and 2.8% for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, malignancies, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respectively.The self-reported prevalence of all four chronic diseases was higher in ex-smokers than in current smokers and non-smokers (all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the quit rate was of those suffering from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, malignancies, asthma, and COPD, respectively 3.356 times (95% CI: 1.966-5.728), 3.864 times (95% CI: 2.277-6.555), 2.103 times (95% CI: 1.321-3.345), and 2.586 times (95% CI: 1.872-3.573) higher, than those without. Conclusion Smoking cessation rates were significantly higher of those with chronic disease than those without, suggesting that illness would promote smoking cessation behaviors among smokers.

Effect of Qidan Granule on PMC Derived Peptide Content and Structure of Hippocampal CA1 Region in Microwave Radiated Rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the protection of high intensity microwave radiation on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) activity and hippocampal CA1 structure in rats and the protectiveeffect of Qindan Granule (QG) on radiation injured rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 48 Wistar rats were randomlydivided into 8 groups, i.e., the normal control group, post-radiation day 1, 7, and 10 groups, 7 and 10days prevention groups, day 7 and 10 treatment groups, 6 in each group. Rats in prevention groups wererespectively administered with QG liquid (1 mL/100 g, 4. 75 g crude drugs) for 7 days and 10 days bygastrogavage and then microwave radiation. Then preventive effect for radiation injury was statisticallycalculated with the normal control group and the post-radiation day 1 group. Rats in treatment groupswere firstly irradiated, and then administered with QG liquid (1 mL/100 g, 4.75 g crude drugs). Finally preventive effect for radiation injury was statistically calculated with the normal control group, post-radiation day 7 and 10 groups. Contents of corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), beta endorphin (beta-EP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were detected. Morphological changes and structure of hippocampal CA1 region were observed under light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal control group, contents of CRH and beta-EP significantly decreased in each radiation group. Serum contents of ACTH and beta-EP significantly increased in post-radiation day 1 and 7 groups (P < 0.05). Compared with radiation groups, beta-EP content in serum and pituitary significantly increased, and serum ACTH content significantly decreased in prevention groups (P < 0.05). Pituitary contents of CRH and beta-EP significantly increased in prevention groups. Serum contents of ACTH, beta-EP, and HSP70 were significantly lower in day 7 treatment group than post-radiation day 7 group (P < 0.05). Morphological results showed that pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region arranged in disorder, with swollen cells, shrunken and condensed nucleus, dark dyeing cytoplasm, unclear structure. Vessels in partial regions were dilated with static blood; tissues were swollen and sparse. In prevention and treatment groups pathological damage of hippocampal CA1 region was obviously attenuated; neurons were arranged more regularly; swollen, pycnotic, or deleted neuron number were decreased; vascular dilatation and congestion was lessened.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QG could affect HPAA function and activity of high intensity microwave radiated rats, showing certain preventive and therapeutic effects of microwave radiated rats by adjusting synthesis and release of partial bioactive peptides and hormones in HPAA, improving pathological injury in hippocampal CA1 region.</p>

Anti-tumor mechanisms of microtubule inhibitors / 国际药学研究杂志

Microtubules are a type of dynamic filamentous cytoskeletal protein, and a major component of centrosome. The regular dynamic changes in microtubules are the guarantees of mitosis. Microtubule inhibitors can promote or inhibit tubulin assembly, interfere cell mitosis and the normal structure and function of the spindle, resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor specific therapeutic effect. Microtubule inhibitors, targeting different sites, are the key components of chemotherapeutic regiments for various solid tumors, and dozens of microbule inhibitors are already available in market or under clinical study. Including a brief description of the progress in paclitaxel, vinblastine and colchicine, this review systematically introduces the mechanism of a class of microtubule inhibitors.

Anti-tumor activity and mechanism of new microtubuIe-targeting compound WX-127-07 / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-tumor activities of WX-127-07,a new microtubule-tar-geting agent invitroand probe its molecular mechanism. METHODS The well-known microtubule-targe-ting anti-tumor drugs taxol,vincristine and anti-gout drug colchicine were used as positive controls. The anti-proliferation activity was examined in five different cell lines after treatment with WX-127-07(0.3 -300 nmol·L-1 )for 72 h by SRB assay. The cell cycle arrest profile was assayed by flow cytometry. The multiparameters of cytotoxicity,cell morphology,apoptosis and different signaling pathways related to tumorigenesis and inflammation were analyzed using the high content analysis platform. Tubulin tryptic digestion and competition inhibition assay for colchicine or vinblastine site were used to confirm the bind-ing site in microtubules at a molecular level. RESULTS All the tested compounds obviously inhibited the growth of A549,HepG2,HeLa,HLF and HUVEC cells. The lC50 values of WX-127-07 were 4.47±0.05, 5.18±0.08,4.90±0.19,4.10±0.16 and(5.04±0.08)nmol·L-1 respectively,lower than those of colchicine〔the lC50 values were 21. 17 ± 1. 22,14. 19 ± 0. 53,43. 80 ± 1. 64,145. 89 ± 10. 97 and( 27. 67 ± 1.79)nmol·L-1 ,respectively〕and those of vincristine〔the lC50 values were 16.51±0.36,16.76±0.33, 27.80±2.75,43.80±1.48 and(9.15±0.78)nmol·L-1 ,respectively〕,but were similar to or lower than those of taxol〔the lC50 values were 10. 68 ± 0. 61,12. 86 ± 0. 25,4. 81 ± 0. 61,102. 07 ± 15. 17 and( 3. 04 ± 0.12)nmol·L-1 ,respectively〕. High content multi-parameter analysis revealed that WX-127-07 induced a concentration-dependent microtubular depolymerization(P=0.0075)with the same pattern as colchicine and vincristine,but at a lower concentration. Both WX-127-07 and positive drugs could induce cell cycle arrest in A549 cells,increase nuclear membrane permeability and early signs of apoptosis in HepG2 cells,but neither cancer related pathways nor inflammation related pathways were affected. Microtubular competition inhibition assay showed that WX-127-07 inhibited the binding of colchicine with tubulin(P =0.0259). Tryptic digestion of tubulin-WX-127-07 premixture showed a similar electrophoretic band to that of tubulin-colchicine premixture. CONCLUSION WX-127-07 is a novel microtubule-depolymerizing agent with anti-proliferation activity and acting on the colchicine binding site.

Anti-Tumor mechanisms of microtubule inhibitors / 国际药学研究杂志

Microtubules are a type of dynamic filamentous cytoskeletal protein, and a major component of centrosome. The regular dynamic changes in microtubules are the guarantees of mitosis. Microtubule inhibitors can promote or inhibit tubulin assembly, interfere cell mitosis and the normal structure and function of the spindle, resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor specific therapeutic effect. Microtubule inhibitors, targeting different sites, are the key components of chemotherapeutic regiments for various solid tumors, and dozens of microbule inhibitors are already available in market or under clinical study. Including a brief description of the progress in paclitaxel, vinblastine and colchicine, this review systematically introduces the mechanism of a class of microtubule inhibitors.

Application of next-generation sequencing in clinical oncology to advance personalized treatment of cancer / 癌症

With the development and improvement of new sequencing technology, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been applied increasingly in cancer genomics research over the past decade. More recently, NGS has been adopted in clinical oncology to advance personalized treatment of cancer. NGS is used to identify novel and rare cancer mutations, detect familial cancer mutation carriers, and provide molecular rationale for appropriate targeted therapy. Compared to traditional sequencing, NGS holds many advantages, such as the ability to fully sequence all types of mutations for a large number of genes (hundreds to thousands) in a single test at a relatively low cost. However, significant challenges, particularly with respect to the requirement for simpler assays, more flexible throughput, shorter turnaround time, and most importantly, easier data analysis and interpretation, will have to be overcome to translate NGS to the bedside of cancer patients. Overall, continuous dedication to apply NGS in clinical oncology practice will enable us to be one step closer to personalized medicine.

Enhanced thymidine kinase gene vector and its killing effect on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a modified and enhanced thymidine kinase (TK) vector regulated by human telomerase catalytic subunit promoter (hTERT) promoter and cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer and its killing effect on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo and its safety in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pGL3-basic, as basic vector template, was linked and constructed into TK vector regulated by hTERT promoter and CMV enhancer with mono-promoter vector as control. Enhanced TK expression was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy and real time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Telomerase activity was measured by stretch PCR. Tumour killing effects were examined by MTT and Boyden areola. The effects of enhanced TK on the invasiveness of tumor cell NPC 5-8F and the growth of xenograft implanted in nude mice were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with non-enhanced vector, TK expressed by the enhanced vector significantly increased in NPC 5-8F and MCF-7 cells, telomerase activity was positive in human in NPC 5-8F cells and breast cancer MCF-7 cells and negative in control human blood vessel endothelium ECV-304 cells. After ganciclovir(GCV) treatment, NPC 5-8F cell survival rate and invasiveness decreased and tumor progress of NPC xenograft implanted in nude mice was inhibited, without obvious toxicity effects on mouse liver and kidney.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The enhanced TK vector regulated by hTERT promoter and CMV enhancer can obviously and specifically inhibit and kill nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in culture and nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft in nude mice in vivo, without obviously toxic side effects on nude mice. The targeted and enhanced TK gene vector with high performance may be a new tumour targeted gene therapy strategy clinically to aim directly at most malignant tumours including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with more extensive anti-cancer spectrum.</p>

Therapy of hook needle and manipulations / 中国针灸

With the unique structure and manipulation techniques of blood-letting and cutting, hook needle serves as a role in dredging meridians, removing blood stasis, purging heat for resuscitation and relaxing synechial tissues. There are three needling techniques of hook needle: swift pricking, bleeding and pricking. Six manipulations are commonly used as lifting-thrusting, plucking, pulling, pushing-scraping, vibration and massage. The mechanism and manipulations of hook needling are summarized systematically in the present paper. In this way, its manipulations, indications and contraindications are expounded in detail.

The history and development of new nine-needle / 中国针灸

This paper introduces the old nine-needle including its name, shape, function, manipulation and origination, as well as systematically introduces the new nine-needle as a new product which has been developed under the guidance of modern science and technology based on the old nine-needle since 1949. As a new tool, the new nine-needle provide much more choice for acupuncture treatment and obtained satisfied clinical effect. During the development of research and clinical practice on the new nine-needle, its theory has been consummated successively. Combining various kinds of needles for treatment is not only paying attention to the specificity of one kind of needles, but also emphasizing the whole function of all kinds of needles, which makes the new nine-needle formed the characteristic and distinct theory of its own.

Standardized manipulations of sharp hooked needling for treating migraine and investigation on its mechanisms / 中国针灸

A comparison of recognition to migraine and treatment methods for it was made between traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in this paper. Emphasis was made on standardized manipulation processes and techniques of sharp hooked needling for treating the disease, based on both the organic conception of the human body, the theory held by TCM, and on the principle of treatment according to pathogenesis obtained through differentiation of symptoms and signs. The necessary preparation before operations, methods for its application and announcements in the standardized manipulations of sharp hooked needling were all explained in detail. Based on its needling, pricking, dissecting and relaxing effects, the mechanisms of sharp hooked needling in treating the disease were investigated. It is concluded that sharp hooked needling is very effective in treating migraine.

Construction of the nucleic vaccine pVVP3L-18HN and its antitumor effect on human laryngeal carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Nucleic vaccine of pVVP3IL-18HN expressing apoptin gene, Newcastle disease virus HN gene and IL-18 gene were constructed to observe the combinative antitumor effect of the above three genes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eukaryotic expression plasmid pVVP3IL-18HN was constructed by inserting apoptin gene and fragment comprising fused IL-18HN gene and IRES promoter into the downstream of CMV promoter of vector pVAX1. The expression of inserted gene was identified by RT-PCR, indirect immunofluorescence and Western-blot. The recombinant plasmid was introduced into Hep-2 cells by liposome, then suppression rate of Hep-2 of different time and different quantity was calculated according to MTT results.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The recombinant plasmid of pVVP3IL-18HN suppressed Hep-2 successfully and its suppression rate was up to 61.9% with 20 microg/ml, incubation of 72 hours.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The nucleic vaccine constructed pVVP3IL-18HN had antitumor effect on Hep-2. It may can be used to the therapy and research of laryngeal carcinoma.</p>